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Showing posts with label Protects. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Protects. Show all posts

Tuesday, August 13, 2013

Law Protects Salad Mix Maker Tied to Bug

The maker of a prepackaged salad mix being eyed in an outbreak of cyclospora cannot be named because of a confidentiality law, Iowa health officials said today.

The state’s Department of Health identified the?mixture of iceberg and romaine lettuce, carrots and red cabbage as the source of a stomach bug that has sickened at least 145 Iowans. But state law requires health officials to “prevent the identification of any business involved in a disease outbreak” unless the information “is necessary for the protection of the public,” the department said in a statement.

“Because the vast majority of illnesses occurred in mid-June and the limited shelf life of fresh produce, IDPH [the Iowa Department of Health] and DIA [Department of Inspections and Appeals]?determined the implicated salad mix was no longer in the Iowa food supply chain,” the department said. “Thus, there is no ongoing threat to the public health which would require the identification of a particular brand, store, or restaurant where the salad mixture was available. In addition, these sites could not have taken any action to prevent contamination of the mixture since it came pre-packaged and ready-to-eat.”

The?Nebraska Department of Health?also tied 78 cyclospora cases to salad mix and has yet to name the manufacturer.

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More than 370 people have contracted the stomach bug in 15 states, according to?the U.S. Food and Drug?Administration. The source of the infection in states other than Nebraska and Iowa remains unclear. Those states are Texas,?Wisconsin, Arkansas,?Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York and Ohio.

“FDA will continue to work with its federal, state and local partners in the investigation to determine whether this conclusion applies to the increased number of cases of cyclosporiasis in other states,” the FDA?said in a statement. “Should a specific food item be identified, the FDA, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, state and local partners will work to track it to its source, determine why the outbreak occurred, and if contamination is still a risk,?implement preventive action, which will help to keep an outbreak like this from happening again.”

Read about how produce is a common culprit in food-borne illness.

Cyclospora, which beyond diarrhea can cause fatigue, weight loss, stomach cramps, vomiting, muscle aches and low-grade fever, can be cleared with antibiotics. But without treatment, the symptoms can linger for months.

People who are “in poor health or who have weakened immune systems” are more likely to have a severe or prolonged illness, according to the CDC.


View the original article here

Sunday, July 7, 2013

Autophagy Protects Neuroblastoma From Chemotherapy

Main Category: Cancer / Oncology
Also Included In: Neurology / Neuroscience;??Pediatrics / Children's Health
Article Date: 03 Jul 2013 - 1:00 PDT Current ratings for:
Autophagy Protects Neuroblastoma From Chemotherapy
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Neuroblastomas are pediatric tumors that originate from cells of the embryonic nervous system. The disease can take widely varying clinical courses that range from spontaneous regression to fatal outcomes. Highly aggressive neuroblastomas rarely respond well to chemotherapy. Understanding and overcoming the resistance mechanisms of highly aggressive neuroblastomas are considered essential to the development of effective treatments.

Scientists from the department headed by Professor Dr. Olaf Witt at the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and at Heidelberg University Hospital are searching for more effective methods to treat neuroblastomas. The researchers are particularly focusing on the role of 18 different HDAC enzymes which appear to promote the aggressiveness of neuroblastomas in various ways. Dr. Ina Oehme and her colleagues from Witt's department have now studied whether a member of the HDAC family might be linked to the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy in high-risk neuroblastomas. She discovered that the high-risk tumors that responded well to therapy were those which had produced only small quantities of HDAC10 prior to treatment.

The Heidelberg researchers subsequently used an experimental agent or a method of blocking the gene to turn off HDAC10 experimentally in cell cultures developed from highly aggressive neuroblastomas. They subsequently treated the cells with the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin. In neuroblastoma cells, this treatment normally induces a self-digestion process known as autophagy, a kind of recycling of endogenous cellular components. This is a biologically ancient program for survival that protects cells during starvation. Highly aggressive cancer cells use autophagy to overcome stress caused by cytotoxic agents.

However, in neuroblastoma cells without a functioning form of HDAC10, treatment disrupted the multi-stage process of autophagy of cellular components at a specific point. As expected, these cells were once again rendered sensitive to the anticancer drug. The researchers cross-checked their results by boosting the activity of the HDAC10 gene in neuroblastoma cells. This protected the cells from the consequences of subsequent chemotherapy.

"HDAC10 appears to play a key role in autophagy and resistance to chemotherapy in high-risk neuroblastomas," Olaf Witt summarizes. "In advanced tumors, high levels of HDAC10 may serve as a biomarker for resistance. A drug that specifically turns off HDAC10 might give us a more effective method of treating neuroblastomas that respond very poorly to chemotherapy."

Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.
Visit our cancer / oncology section for the latest news on this subject. Ina Oehme, Jan-Peter Linke, Barbara C. Bock, Till Milde, Marco Lodrini, Bettina Hartenstein, Inga Wiegand, Christian Eckert, Wilfried Roth, Marcel Kool, Sylvia Kaden, Herrmann-Josef Grone, Johannes H. Schulte, Sven Lindner, Anne Hamacher-Brady, Nathan R. Brady, Hedwig E. Deubzer and Olaf Witt. Histone deacetylase 10 promotes autophagy-mediated cell survival. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2013, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1300113110

The German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, D

Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres

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